This chart records the traumatic property experience of Japan. A monumental boom in the late 1980s and early 1990s reversed dramatically and house prices fell by 76.4pc from the peak.
This happened, not in a corrupt, tin-pot dictatorship, dependent on commodities for its sole exports, but in the world’s most sophisticated economy, with the most dynamic financial sector and a history as the world’s pre-eminent innovator.
Could it happen here? Will Irish house prices fall back to levels seen in 2000/2001 or even to levels seen last century? Will our house prices drop by 70pc before they stabilise? These numbers need to be considered because there are plenty of reasons to be fearful.
The similarities between both Ireland and Japan are striking; the main difference is that the Japanese controlled their own interest rates and thus were able to cut them to soften the blow. As EU inflation topped 4pc this week, it looks likely that we will be facing higher not lower rates for the foreseeable future. Not good.
One similarity is the capacity for self-delusion and failure to face up to the magnitude of our crisis. It was the same in Japan 20 years ago. I remember the Japanese mania even reached Irish shores in the grim late 1980s.
When I was in college, a particularly ambitious set of business students who used to wear suits to lectures (a true sign of recession) began taking private Japanese lessons. If you didn’t have a grasp of Japanese, or at least a smattering, their view was you might as well quit now and not even bother turning up for final year interviews.
We sat there, petrified, as professor after professor told us about the threat of Japan to our careers (not that the class of 1988 appeared to have a particularly stellar future ahead of them in the first place).
Every airport waiting lounge was stuffed with hardback tomes heralding the rise and rise of Japan and no economics exam was complete without the question: “Explain the fundamental economic reasons behind Japanese world economic domination”.
Japan of the late 1980s was experiencing a huge asset-price boom and stocks were going through the roof, allowing Japanese companies to buy trophy assets abroad such as the Rockefeller Centre and MGM.
Bulging Japanese banks dwarfed their European and US counterparts and threatened to dominate the City and Wall Street. Most spectacular of all was the Tokyo property market. In 1990, the land upon which the imperial palace in Tokyo was built was valued at more than the entire real estate of Canada, the second largest country in the world.
When I read the silly valuations in the ‘Irish Times’ property section, particularly the “Take 5 at €400,000″ section, I am reminded of the Japanese Imperial Palace delusion. Clearly a two up, two down in Rialto is not worth the same as a seven-bedroomed house in the Dordogne. Now that prices are falling rapidly, the idea that pokey Irish houses are worth more than French chateaux will look increasingly daft.
The other problem for Ireland is the sheer extremity of the housing boom. Irish house prices have risen 380pc since 1996, compared with 260pc in the UK — the next frothiest market. House prices fell in Germany and of course Japan in the same period. While in Switzerland — Europe’s technically most sophisticated economy — house prices only rose by 5pc in the 12 years since 1996.
As a result of this binge, Ireland is the most indebted nation in Europe. Outstanding residential mortgage debt now amounts to 192pc of our total GNP! This is truly shocking and depressing when you consider that in Germany, outstanding mortgage debt only amounts to 3pc of GNP.
Even in the US — where many disingenuous Irish commentators are suggesting this crisis originated — outstanding mortgage debt only accounts for 44pc of GNP. We are way out of whack with the rest of the world and our dilemma is very much of our own making. Think about the chart again. Have a long look and consider that in the past 10 years residential loans per capita in Ireland increased by 552pc. This is miring us in an ocean of debt. We got into debt five times faster than the average profligate American and, extraordinarily, 50 times faster than the parsimonious Germans.
With our British neighbours, we managed to lose the run of ourselves completely. In the UK, where billions of Irish euros were spent in the past five years, there is carnage on the high street. According to the estate agents Allsops, the real weakness is being seen in the thousands of new docklands-style developments which mushroomed all over British cities.
Many of these investors were Irish and most apartments are now trading at a 30pc to 40pc discount to prices originally paid in 2005. The British have the comfort of a falling exchange rate determined in London, we on the other hand are stuck to the Germans.
This is why the personal debt comparisons with Germany are so instructive. The German has no property-related debt to speak of. This means that the average Gunter doesn’t really mind if European interest rates rise, as it will make no difference at all to his budget at the end of the month.
In contrast, the average Paddy, who has seen his personal property indebtedness rise by over 500pc since the late 1990s, will be roasted by a rise in rates.
So will Irish house prices follow the Japanese model and fall by 70pc from the peak? Maybe. Who knows? However, the similarities are too striking to be ignored.
It is clear the Japanese market didn’t freeze, as during the slump there were still distressed sellers and opportunistic buyers who thought they had bought at rock bottom, only to see prices fall again.
Overall, however, in the 13-year slump there was not one period of six months when any sustained rally was recorded.The lesson being, when things start falling, they drop like a stone.
Take a look at the chart again. Not a pretty sight.









A bank official associate told me this week that new guidelines have just been circulated to all branches, with a draconian tightening-up on the lending rules for qualifying for a new mortgage.
Talk about closing the stable door.. or a better metaphor: tightening the noose on the neck of a long dead corpse.!
Not good news for the builders.
Mr Cowan recently told us that 70% of the population earn less than 40,000 euros per annum.
None of these people will qualify for a loan at current house prices.
We also know that up to recently 40% of houses were bought every year by investors.They have now fled.
Removing of these categories from the marketplace, is it any wonder the city is circumscribed with empty apartments and housing estates.
Who needs a jerry built one/two bedroom, poorly insulated dogbox/ apartment at current oil prices-not to mention rising interest rates.?
Better to wait until the new regulations are enforced and decent properties are eventually built (if the Green Party get their way, that is..)
Fionn said,
Selling out ( whatever that means) to big business was a good idea
For who?…
I returned from california in 2002 after 5 years. the first thing that struck me as odd was the fact that my parents house, a modest 3 bed semi in rainy north dublin was worth more than the 5 bed, two car garaged house with swimming pool in the beautiful Napa valley. I couldnt believe how people here seemed to out of touch with reality outside of the old sod. We were hoodwinked! but by whom is the question.
For mortgage debt it doesn’t matter what the ECB does – the interbank rates are set by the market. So Paddy would still be paying significantly more interest once the fixed rate term is ended, even if the ECB went do-lally like the Japanese and cut to 0%.
And the ECB has no influence over the spread of negative equity, a condition that has a strong correlation with mortgage default. That’s simply a result of insane lending practices.
What does matter is a strong currency to counter high energy prices. And this comes from relatively high central bank rate targets. What the US Fed has done to the dollar is a disaster, and is a significant contributor to the race for oil investment – another bubble that is about to blow. The big question for the ECB is how to maintain price stability when deflation is around the corner.
p.s. Looking to the UK for a solution in this climate is compleeeeetely batty.
Japan is not a problem economy. It has a high degree of social coherence, little class emnity, and an extremely competent work force. The Japanese have also been carrying the American Financial system since 1990, to no benefit to themselves, except maybe in stabilising their largest market. But the Japanese would be as well off it they gave Hondas and Toyotas to the United States for free, based on what it is costing Japan to buy US treasury bonds. Japan only has a property bubble problem. Unfortunately for Japan, Japan’s leaders listened to Western economists on how to fix the problem.
Ireland and the West in general is intellectually incapable of dealing with the current crisis. The spoiled brat revolution of the 1960s degraded the level of intellectual debate in most Western societies. Most western societies are politically controlled by elites that are completely adrift of reality, grounded in absurd notions of what constitutes responsibility, and using PR techniques to understate any bad news. It seems that in every Western society, firm confidence is being placed in bureacracy to fix everything. Bureacracy under Clinton and Bush in the US has grown exponentially. In the EU since 1990, bureacracy has grown out of control, both at EU level, and also in individual countries like France, Britain, Spain and Ireland. Incompetent politicians have encouraged asset price inflation, facilitated dangerous private consumption credit policies, taxed the proceeds, and told the citizenry that they were delivering ‘prudent management of the economy. The tax money was usually invested directly back into the economy building infrastructure. The CPI was kept low thanks to the effect of Asian labour in manufacturing, cheap oil before 2005, and imported food from Brazil. When oil started to creep up, the CPI started to rise. We then had Ben Bernanke making that hilarious comment “outside of food and energy, there is no inflation problem” (as if citizens can regard the purchase of food and energy as optional). The similarities with the state of the Soviet Union in the early 1980s are only too frightening.
For Ireland, we have the added problem of misrule by one party, because the oppostion would have certainly made an even worse job of it. Ireland waiting so long to restore it’s finances has been completely mismanaged since the mid 1990s.
We have absolutely nothing to show for the boom, only failures and problems. Drug addiction is rocketing. Social fragmentation is still a problem. Social deprivation is persistent. And the bureacrats, politicians and media only care about pleasing their paymasters, and looking after their own nest egg, at everyone else’s expense. The revolution of 1967, the bureacracy, the consumerism, the selfishness, the recklessness have all destroyed societies. It is only a matter of time before the whole thing descends into anarchy. In this regard the greatest thing to have occurred as of late, was rejection of the Lisbon Treaty.
Sean,
I was talking about a house to live in. People who bought as ‘investments’, all trying to make a quick buck for no effort, drove the prices up just like the banks did with their 100% 40 year mortgages.
The investors’ laughable rental yields, despite mass immigration, is the one bright spot of the whole debacle. They deserve everything that’s coming to them.
David,
Is there an equivalent urban land price index for Ireland? Or even a land and/or house price index for us? Anything definitive that is compiled and published by a reputable institution, even something like stamp duty receipts/number of transactions?
It would be very interesting to see what it looks like. Bearing in mind, were almost 2 years from peak prices, it should be interesting even if its not that up to date
Garry it would be interesting if it existed.
Buying a second house as an investment became the new black here, those fashionistas have been feeling the pain for a spell now.
Thats tough luck really…..nothing else.
Those who scrambled, scrimped and saved to buy a noveau bijou of 1300 sq feet for €350k plus are the true unfortunates.
The travesty will not be undone regardless, I wonder will the overhyped and overpriced homes people bought into ever be at a breakeven scenario……unlikely would be an honest assesment.
I,m looking forward to the revolution. The rise of the new visionary political parties established by ??????( McWillams? Ganley? Geldof? Dunphy?) This country needs a revolution (or a kick up the arse)and if that takes a recession and unimagineable propertry/employment slump then i,m looking forward to the rise of the figure that can shout “The emporor has no clothes”. Eventually more and more people will sit up and listen and see thhe corupt powers of this country for what they are. Enda Kenny hasn,t got the haircut to pull it off. Maybe someone else has, Redzer? We are waiting David…….
Anybody know any good sharepoint courses you can do online?
[...] be really felt, this column threw up a chart of what had happened to the property market in Japan. It suggested that we would follow the Japanese path. Up to then, many people felt that the market wo…. The column contended that we would follow Japan exactly and prices would fall by 75pc. It seemed a [...]